Browse all published orthopedic and medical special tests, ordered alphabetically.
Learn normal spine range of motion, including cervical, thoracic, and lumbar flexion, extension, lateral bending, and rotation, with…
Learn how to perform the Spinous Process Tap Test, interpret positive findings, and assess lumbar spine pain, nerve…
Learn how to perform the Springing Test for the lumbar spine, interpret positive findings, assess segmental mobility, and…
Learn how to perform Spurling’s Test for cervical radiculopathy, interpret positive and negative results, and understand its diagnostic…
Learn how to perform the Standing Flexion Test (Piedallu Test), interpret positive findings, and understand its clinical accuracy…
Learn how to perform the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), including its eight directions, scoring, interpretation, clinical uses,…
Learn how to perform the Starter Test, interpret pain and weakness, and understand its role and limitations in…
The startle reflex is an involuntary motor response to a sudden unexpected sensory stimulus, such as a loud…
Learn how to perform the Step Down Test, what a positive result looks like (Trendelenburg sign and knee…
Learn what the Stinchfield test is, how to perform the resisted straight leg raise step by step, and…
The Subacromial Injection Test is a diagnostic procedure used to help evaluate suspected subacromial impingement syndrome and other…
The Sulcus Sign is a relatively simple clinical maneuver that should be performed carefully to assess inferior translation…
Learn how to perform the Supination Lift Test to assess TFCC injuries, identify positive findings, and understand its…
What Is the Supination Pronation Test Used For? The Supination Pronation Test is a clinical orthopedic exam used…
Learn what the Swain test is, how to perform it step by step, and how to interpret a…
What is the Tabletop Relocation Test? The Tabletop Relocation Test is a specialized orthopedic physical examination maneuver used…
What is the “Talar Tilt Test” used for? How to perform the “Talar Tilt Test”? What is the…
Learn how to perform the Tethered Median Nerve Stress Test, identify positive findings, and understand its role in…
The Boyes Test is a specialized orthopedic examination maneuver used to assess the integrity of the central slip…
What is the Elbow Lateral Pivot-Shift Test? The Elbow Lateral Pivot-Shift Test is a specialized orthopedic physical examination…
The External Rotation Test (often associated with the Kleiger test) is a crucial orthopedic examination used by physical…
What is the Heel Thump Test? The heel thump test (also known as the heel strike or bump…
What is the Silfverskiöld Test? The Silfverskiöld test (often spelled Silfverskiold test) is a clinical orthopedic examination used…
Purpose & Clinical Utility The squeeze test is a specialized physical examination maneuver used primarily to diagnose syndesmotic…