FAIR Test

Published July 2, 2026 Read time 1 min read Readers 2
FAIR test (Flexion, Adduction, Internal Rotation)

What is the "FAIR Test" used for?

  • FAIR Test (Flexion, Adduction, and Internal Rotation Test) is used to assess compression of the sciatic nerve by the piriformis muscle.

How to perform the "FAIR Test"?

  • Position the patient side-lying, with the test leg uppermost.
  • Flex the hip to approximately 60°, keeping the knee flexed.
  • Allow the hip to fall slightly into adduction and internal (medial) rotation—this is the FAIR position.
  • The examiner stabilizes the pelvis with one hand.
  • With the other hand, the examiner applies downward pressure on the patient’s knee.

What is the positive result?

  • Localized pain in the piriformis area indicates muscular tightness.
  • Neurologic pain, including radiating buttock pain or sciatica, suggests compression of the sciatic nerve by the piriformis.

A positive FAIR test may indicate:

  • Piriformis muscle tightness
  • Sciatic nerve compression
  • Deep gluteal syndrome
  • Reproduction of symptoms associated with prolonged sitting, running, or climbing stairs

Test Accuracy

  • Sensitivity: 88%
  • Specificity: 83%