Bulbocavernosus Reflex

Published July 15, 2026 Read time 1 min read Readers 9
Bulbocavernosus Reflex

Used For

  • Integrity of the sacral spinal cord segments S2–S4

How to Perform

  • Position the patient appropriately (usually supine).
  • Ensure privacy and explain the procedure.
  • Apply stimulus:
    • Squeeze glans penis (male) / clitoris (female), or
    • Gently pull on urinary catheter in catheterized patients
  • Observe or palpate for anal sphincter contraction.

Result

  • A positive Bulbocavernosus Reflex is observed as a palpable or visible contraction of the anal sphincter.
  • Absent Bulbocavernosus Reflex is a hallmark of Spinal shock
  • The return of the Bulbocavernosus Reflex is one of the earliest signs that spinal shock has ended (This typically occurs within 24–48 hours after the initial injury).
  • After spinal shock resolves: Absence of motor or sensory function + presence of Bulbocavernosus Reflex suggests a complete spinal cord injury.